Identifikasi Ekosistem Terumbu Karang Menggunakan Aplikasi Coral Point Count with excel extentions (CPCe) di Pulau Wangiwangi, Wakatobi, Indonesia
Keywords:
keanekaragaman hayati, taman nasional laut, terumbu karang, transek foto bawah airAbstract
Taman Nasional Wakatobi (TNW) merupakan taman laut terbesar kedua di Indonesia dengan luas total 1,39 juta hektar. Wakatobi merupakan akronim wangi-wangi, kaledupa, tomia dan binongko yang memiliki salah satu keanekaragaman terumbu karang tertinggi dalam konservasi laut di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang saat ini khususnya di Pulau Wangiwangi. Pemantauan dilakukan di 11 lokasi dengan menggunakan metode Underwater Photo Transect (UPT). Proses analisis menggunakan software CPCe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi terumbu karang di Pulau Wangiwangi tergolong baik dengan tutupan karang (hardcoral) sebesar 53,0%. Jenis terumbu karang dan substrat lainnya adalah Dead Coral (DC) sebesar 1,0%; Dead Coral with Algae (DCA) sebesar 7,7%; Soft Coral (SC) sebesar 12,6%; Sponge (SP) sebesar 1,6%; Fleshy Seaweed (FS) sebesar 4,7%; Other Biota (OT) sebesar 9,8%; Rubble (R) sebesar 4,3%; Sand (S) sebesar 2,7%; dan Rock (RK) sebesar 2,5%. Persentase tutupan karang tertinggi ada di Titik Waha (70,5%) dan terendah ada di Titik Sombu (38,7%).Downloads
References
Aguiar, D. K., Wiegner, T. N., Colbert, S. L., Burns, J., Abaya, L., Beets, J., . . . Nelson, C. (2023). Detection and impact of sewage pollution on South Kohala's coral reefs, Hawai‘i. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Amkieltiela, Handayani, C. N., Andradi-Brown, D. A., Estradivari, Ford, A. K., Beger, M., .
T, S. N. (2022). The rapid expansion of Indonesia’s marine protected area requires improvement in management effectiveness. Marine Policy.
Arreola-Alarcón, I. M., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Sakthi, J., Rodríguez-González, F., & Jonathan,
M. (2022). Seasonal tendencies of microplastics around coral reefs in selected Marine Protected National Parks of Gulf of California, Mexico. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Ashraf, N., Anas, A., Sukumaran, V., Gopinath, G., Babu, K. I., & Kumar, P. D. (2023). Recent advancements in coral health, microbiome interactions and climate change. Science of The Total Environment.
Boakes, Z., Hall, A. E., Ampou, E. E., Jones, G. C., Suryaputra, I. G., Mahyuni, L. P., . . . Stafford, R. (2022). Coral reef conservation in Bali in light of international best practice, a literature review. Journal for Nature Conservation.
Burn, D., Hoey, A., Matthews, S., Harrison, H., & Pratchett, M. (2023). Differential bleaching susceptibility among coral taxa and colony sizes, relative to bleaching severity across Australia's Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea Marine Parks. Marine Pollution Bulletin. Clippele, L. H., Díaz, L. A., Andradi-Brown, D. A., Lazuardi, M. E., Iqbal, M., Zainudin, I.
M., . . . Hennige, S. J. (2023). Evaluating annual severe coral bleaching risk for marine protected areas across Indonesia. Marine Policy.
Doorga, J. R., Pasnin, O., Dindoyal, Y., & Diaz, C. (2023). Risk assessment of coral reef vulnerability to climate change and stressors in tropical islands: The case of Mauritius. Science of The Total Environment.
Galrama, & Arset. (2013). Taman Nasional Wakatobi Ditetapkan Sebagai Cagar Biosfer oleh UNESCO. http://ppid.menlhk.go.id/berita/berita-foto/94/taman-nasional-wakatobi- ditetapkan-sebagai-cagar-biosfer-oleh-unesco.
Hadi, T. A., Abrar, M., Giyanto, Prayudha, B., Johan, O., Budiyanto, A., . . . Suharsono. (2019). The Status of Indonesian Coral Reefs 2019. Jakarta: Research Center for Oceanography.
Haya, L. O., & Fujii, M. (2020). Assessment of coral reef ecosystem status in the Pangkajene and Kepulauan Regency, Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia, using the rapid appraisal for fisheries and the analytic hierarchy process. Marine Policy.
He, T., Tsui, M. M., Mayfield, A. B., Liu, P.-J., Chen, T.-H., Wang, L.-H., . . . Murphy, M.
B. (2023). Organic ultraviolet filter mixture promotes bleaching of reef corals upon the threat of elevated seawater temperature. Science of The Total Environment.
Hughes, T. P., Baird, A. H., Morrison, T. H., & Torda, G. (2023). Principles for coral reef restoration in the anthropocene. One Earth.
Kennedy, E. V., Perry, C. T., Halloran, P. R., Iglesias-Prieto, R., Schönberg, C. H., Wisshak, M., . . . Mumby, P. J. (2013). Avoiding Coral Reef Functional Collapse Requires Local and Global Action. Current Biology, 912-918.
Lalas, J. A., Manzano, G. G., Desabelle, L. A., & Baria-Rodriguez, M. V. (2023). Spatial variation in the benthic community structure of a coral reef system in the central Philippines: Highlighting hard coral, octocoral, and sponge assemblages. Regional Studies in Marine Science.
Madduppa, H. H., Koropitan, A. F., Damar, A., Subhan, B., Taufik, M., Minsaris, L. O., . . . Purwanto, A. B. (2020). Ecological Vulnerability of Coral Reef Ecosystem in Wakatobi National Park During Indian Ocean Dipole Event. Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 57-70.
Randazzo-Eisemann, Á., Garza-Pérez, J. R., & Figueroa-Zavala, B. (2022). The role of coral diseases in the flattening of a Caribbean Coral Reef over 23 years. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Reyes, M., Robles, R., & Licuanan, W. Y. (2022). Multi-scale variation in coral reef metrics on four Philippine reef systems. Regional Studies in Marine Science.
Safuan, C. D., Talaat, W. I., Aziz, N., Jeofry, H., Lai, R. K., Khyril-Syahrizan, H., . . . B, Z. (2022). Assessment of coral health status using two-dimensional Coral Health Index (2D-CHI): A preliminary study in Pulau Perhentian Marine Park, Malaysia. Regional Studies in Marine Science.
Suggett, D. J., Edwards, M., Cotton, D., Hein, M., & Camp, E. F. (2023). An integrative framework for sustainable coral reef restoration. One Earth.
Suharsono, & Sumadhiharga, O. K. (2014). Panduan Monitoring Kesehatan Terumbu Karang. Jakarta: Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.
Tranter, S. N., Estradivari, Ahmadia, G. N., Andradi-Brown, D. A., Muenzel, D., Agung, F.,
Lazuardi, M. E. (2022). The inclusion of fisheries and tourism in marine protected areas to support conservation in Indonesia. Marine Policy.
Turak, E. (2003). Coral reef surveys during TNC SEACMPA RAP of Wakatobi National Park, Southeast Sulawesi. 33-52.
Velázquez-Ochoa, R., & Enríquez, S. (2023). Environmental degradation of the Mexican Caribbean reef lagoons. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
